Juniper Routers

Juniper Networks enterprise routers add new levels of security,
uptime, performance, and operations flexibility to today’s
changing networks
Today’s business environment is becoming more dynamic and competitive
as information technology increases the pace of change and fundamentally
alters business models. IT departments are being asked to support a more
distributed enterprise, enable new business processes to improve employee
efficiency, comply with new government regulations, and lower infrastructure
costs. Networks and applications are also being consolidated by moving to
a converged Internet protocol (IP) infrastructure for both cost and operation
efficiency reasons. A good example of this is the migration of traditional voice
services to voice over IP, facilitating increased efficiencies through a common
infrastructure.



The Juniper Networks
next generation routing architecture provides the
solid, reliable, high performance foundation upon which today’s real-time,
critical networking applications can be delivered. Juniper Networks offers
a comprehensive enterprise routing portfolio consisting of the J-series
services routers and the M-series multiservice routers. The J-series routers
are typically deployed at remote offices or branch locations and include the
J2300 for smaller offices, the J4300 for medium sized branches, and the
J6300 for large branches or regional offices. The M-series enterprise routers,
including the M7i and M10i, are typically deployed in head office locations
where high performance packet processing is required such as Internet
access gateways, WAN aggregation devices, data center routers or backbone
routers. Both the J-series and M-series routers run the same proven JUNOS
modular operating system, designed to run multiple functions in parallel on
assigned processing resources and delivering high stability with the flexibility
to enable advanced, next-generation routing services.
Product highlights:
• Support for advanced services, such as MPLS, IP routing, QoS,
multicast, security services and accounting, to securely deliver and
manage mission critical data and applications
• Breadth of enterprise routing portfolio, interface options, and
performance levels to suit the diverse needs of today’s businesses
• High levels of security with a modular system architecture to defend
against infrastructure attacks by fully protecting the processing
resources and ensuring complete router control
• Modular software design to ensure that minor problems cannot
turn into full system crashes, maintaining uptime and continuity of
operations
• Predictable performance of mission critical applications and higher
QoS control to classify, prioritize and schedule traffic ensuring
resource availability
• One common JUNOS code base to streamline deployment, patches
and software upgrades with multiple tools for platform implementation
and management
Juniper Networks J2300
Juniper Networks J4300
Juniper Networks J6300
Juniper Networks M7i
Juniper Networks M10i
Juniper Networks modular architecture enables enterprises to meet the diverse
demands of next generation IP infrastructures
The performance and integrity of Juniper routers have been proven in the largest IP
networks in the world. As enterprise networks must increasingly meet many of the same
service levels as carrier infrastructures, Juniper Networks extends its capabilities to the
J- and M- series enterprise routing systems, with the performance, reliability and
flexibility required.
Juniper’s enterprise routing platforms are built on five key principles:
• Advanced Services: support for MPLS, IP routing, QoS, Multicast, Security Services
and Accounting
• Protected Processing Resources: always available resources to ensure router
stability and control
• Modular Software Architecture: clean separation of independent software
functions
• Next Generation CLI: advanced configuration and diagnostic tools
• One Code Base: common code base developed through a rigorous release process
These principles represent a set of fundamental changes in the design and development of
next generation routing platforms.
Advanced services
Juniper Networks J- and M-Series routers provide a secure and reliable foundation for
implementing IP and IP/MPLS features for the Enterprise, The modular router architecture
ensures high performance and reliability even after enabling of advanced services.
Security features such as IPSec VPN, Stateless and Stateful firewall with NAT, allow
businesses to securely connect multiple remote/branch offices to regional offices,
headquarters, and data centers with unmatched performance and reliability. The security
services are performed on dedicated resources for the higher end platforms resulting in
high performance rates.
The JUNOS operating system provides rich and granular traffic management for prioritizing
mission critical traffic such as voice. It is possible to configure multiple forwarding classes
for transmitting packets, define output queues, schedule the transmission service level
for each queue, and avoid congestion using a random early detection (RED) algorithm.
Juniper Networks routing platforms implement QoS in hardware rather than software.
This facilitates large and scalable implementations of QoS with no adverse impact on the
forwarding rate.
A wide array of Multicast protocols and features are supported on JUNOS router platforms.
These include IGMPv3 with Source Specific Multicast, Multicast Listener Discovery
(IPv6), PIM (DM, SM, SSM), DVMRP and MSDP. JUNOS adds reliability to a Multicast
implementation by using Pragmatic General Multicast (PGM). These features are ideal for
deployment of Video Conferencing, IPTV or Multicast based business applications.
JUNOS based routing platforms can collect various kinds of data about traffic passing
through the routing platform. Different profiles can be set up to collect data on traffic
passing through an interface, a firewall filter or to the Routing Engine. This allows for good
business reporting and billing end users of an enterprise network infrastructure.
The JUNOS platforms also allow businesses utilizing an IP network infrastructure to
migrate to a rich implementation of MPLS and deploying network based MPLS services
including RFC 2547 VPNs, Traffic Engineering, Fast Reroute and QoS. Full support for future
implementation of IPv6 is provided with JUNOS.
Protected Processing Resources
Juniper Networks routing platforms ensure resource availability through a system
architecture that cleanly separates the three independent components – the Routing
Engine, Forwarding Engine, and Services Engine. Each has its own protected processing
and memory resources so that processing conflicts are never an issue.
The robust protected resource architecture of
Juniper Networks routers allocates a unique
address space to each operating process.
Since each task has its own dedicated ASIC or
protected processing resources, Juniper routers
provide intelligence and performance at scale in
a way that no other legacy router can approach.
Modular Software Architecture
Complementing the protected processing
resources is the modular architecture of the
JUNOS operating system. The JUNOS operating
system is a completely modular software
platform enabling a functional division of labor
for seamless development and operation of many advanced features and capabilities. By
partitioning the software system, tasks are broken into manageable subsets that interact
infrequently. Loading of one does not affect the other, eliminating a common failure mode
of legacy routers.
Next generation CLI
JUNOS extends its modern design beyond system architecture with advanced
administrative features. The intelligent, hierarchical organization of the JUNOS CLI is well
suited to operations tasks, with a number of innovative features built-in to ease overall
network deployment, configuration and restoration.
One code base
Juniper Networks follows a rigorous, well-defined development release process with
a single code base across its routing platforms. Under strict development standards,
features are added, supported, tested and reliably carried forward, with major releases
four times a year and minor updates available monthly, quickly introducing new capabilities
required by customers. As a modular software platform, many developers can create new
features for JUNOS simultaneously without impacting each others’ work.
Connecting and securing remote offices
Juniper J-Series Routers offer a variety of platforms with flexible interfaces that deliver
secure reliable network connectivity to remote, branch, and regional offices. The JSeries
runs modular JUNOS software which offers many advanced services (MPLS,
IP routing, QoS, multicast, firewall, and VPN), delivering high levels of security, uptime
and performance at reduced operations costs. These platforms provide enterprises,
government and healthcare organizations, and research/education groups a forward-looking
platform on which to build converged IP and IP/MPLS infrastructures to support a diverse
set of networked applications.
2300
• Up to 2xT1/E1 performance
• T1, E1, Serial, or G.SHDSL WAN Interfaces
• Two fixed FE LAN ports, and optional integrated ISDN BRI backup
Forwarding
Engine
Routing
Engine
Services
Engine
Receives packets, performs
routing lookups and sends
packets to the output
interfaces
Manages all routing and
control functions of the
system including creation
and update of routing table
Provides advanced packet processing services
such as NAT, encryption and stateful firewall filters
Modular system
architecture of Juniper
Networks routers
4300
• Up to 8xT1/E1 performance
• T1, E1, FE, Serial, ADSL/2/2+, or G.SHDSL WAN Interfaces
• 2 fixed FE LAN ports, and 6 interface module slots
6300
• Up to DS3 performance
• T1, E1, E3, DS3, FE, Serial, ADSL/2/2+, or G.SHDSL WAN Interfaces
• 2 fixed FE LAN ports, and 6 interface module slots
• Redundant power supplies
Connecting and securing the central office, data center and enterprise backbone
The M7i and M10i platforms are ideal enterprise routing solutions for head offices,
campuses and corporate backbones needing reliable, secure and high performance IP
WAN connectivity, Internet access and services. The hardware based architecture and the
JUNOS operating system ensure rich packet processing with uncompromising forwarding
performance to support latency sensitive applications such as voice, video, and mission
critical applications. The M7i and M10i routers are the choice for consolidating multiple
services onto a single IP/MPLS network and delivering performance, reliability, and security
to the enterprise environment. The modular architecture enables high performance and
carrier class stability even when services are turned on these platforms.
M7i
• Up to 1Gigabit Ethernet /OC-12 WAN Performance
• 4 PIC Slots and built in 2xFE or GigE uplinks
• Forwarding Engine Board with built in Services Module
M10i
• Complete redundancy with dual routing engines, dual FEBs and dual power supplies
Redundancy provided with GRES (Graceful Routing Engine Switchover)
• Up to OC-48/STM-16 WAN Performance
• 8 PIC Slots for a variety of LAN, WAN and Services PICs
Large Branch Office
Regional HQ
Remote Office
Partner Site
Corporate HQ
Global Data Center
J2300
J4300
J6300
J6300
M7i
M10i
The benefits of deploying Juniper Networks enterprise routers
Modern IP applications require a smart network that can meet the diverse set of
requirements enterprises need without compromise. Deploying Juniper Networks routers
adds new levels of security, uptime, performance and operations flexibility with many
systems and tools to assist network administrators.
Juniper Advantages Key Differentiators
Strong Security
• Modular system architecture defends against attacks by protecting
processing resources
• Access to the router is always available – even while under attack
• Additional integrated security services include Network Address
Translation (NAT), Access Control Lists (ACLs), stateful inspection
firewall, and IPSec Encryption
High Uptime
• Network outages minimized by separating software functions into
modular components
• Minor problems cannot proliferate to full system crashes
• Next generation CLI designed to help prevent operational errors,
maintaining uptime
• Platforms available with redundant WAN interfaces
Predictable
Performance
• Comprehensive, real-time granular control over network traffic,
especially important during periods of high congestion
• QoS mechanisms to classify, prioritize and schedule traffic to deliver
predictable performance
• Consistent WAN throughput rates when advanced services are
enabled
Operations Flexibility
• One software code base across all routing platforms eases
operations with straightforward software updates and upgrades
• Fast certification of releases and full interoperability between
products
• Features for small and regional remote offices help lower the
operations costs for installing, managing, monitoring and maintaining
equipment
Centralized
Management
• Juniper Networks JUNOScope provides automated control of a
large number of enterprise routers, eliminating the need to manage
individual routers
• Multiple functions such as configuration management, inventory
management and system administration
• Reduce time and costs by leveraging an automated and integrated
set of management applications
Breadth of Portfolio
• Spectrum of products to connect various enterprise locations, including,
remote, branch, and regional offices, as well as central offices,
data centers and enterprise backbones
• WAN performance from broadband to OC-192/STM- 64, 10GE
• Wide variety of WAN interface options including T1, E1, E3, DS3, FE,
Serial, ISDN BRI, ADSL/2/2+, G.SHDSL, SONET/SDH, Channelized
IQ, and ATM2 IQ
Service and support when and where it’s needed
Juniper Networks Professional Services consultants and the experts of
authorized Juniper Networks partners are recognized throughout the industry as
knowledgeable networking specialists. They are uniquely qualified to assist in
planning and implementing a secure and reliable network.
The Customer Support Center provides responsive assistance and software
upgrades, security updates, and online knowledge tools to ensure maximum
reliability of Juniper Networks products. Professional instructors of Juniper
Networks Educational Services help customers keep pace with rapidly evolving
technologies by sharing the company’s expertise on operating stable, secure
networks.
Juniper Networks: The alternate route to secure and assured networks
As enterprises strive to meet their diverse set of business and operations needs,
Juniper Networks enterprise routers evolve to meet the new level of requirements.
Juniper Networks routers are proven in the world’s largest IP networks, including
the top 25 service provider networks in the world. Juniper’s enterprise routers
combine reliability with flexibility to enable advanced routing, QoS, filtering,
security and administrative policies, and usage and performance monitoring.
Juniper Networks enterprise routing platforms provide the best foundation to build
today’s secure and assured networks.

Canopy Antenna

Typical Canopy setup consists of a cluster of up to 6 co-located standard access point

Access Point

Access Point can refer to:*Access Point , a location on Anvers Island, Antarctica*Wireless access point, a wireless networking device...
s, each with a 60 degree horizontal beamwidth

Beamwidth

In telecommunication, the term beamwidth has the following meanings:1. In the radio regime, of an antenna pattern, the angle between the half-power points of the main lobe, when referenced to the peak effective radiated power of the main lobe....
antenna, to achieve 360 degree coverage. Also included would be one or more backhauls or otherwise out-of-band links (to carry data to/from other network ocations) and a Cluster Management Module (CMM) to provide power and synchronization to each Canopy AP or Backhaul Module(BM).

Customers of the system receive service through subscriber modules (SMs) aimed towards the AP. The SMs should be mounted on the tall point of a building to get a reliable connection else Fresnel zone

Fresnel zone

File:FresnelSVG.svgIn optics and radio telecommunication, a Fresnel zone, named for physicist Augustin-Jean Fresnel, is one of a number of concentric ellipsoids of revolution which define volumes in the radiation pattern of a circular aperture ....
obstruction will weaken the signal. Under ideal operating conditions connections at distances up to 3.5 miles can be achieved using equipment with integrated antennas

Antenna (radio)

An 'antenna' is a transducer designed to transmitter or receive Electromagnetic radiations. In other words, antennas convert electromagnetic waves into electrical currents and vice versa....
. Network operators can opt to install reflector dishes or Stinger antennas, or to use Canopy models that accept external antennas at one or both ends of the link to increase coverage distance.

Most Canopy equipment receives its power using Power over Ethernet

Power over Ethernet

Power over Ethernet or PoE technology describes a system to transfer electrical power, along with data, to remote devices over standard twisted-pair cable in an Ethernet network....
, however, none of its standards comply with IEEE 802.3af.

In general, the 900 MHz version is more effective for use in outlying areas because of its ability to penetrate through trees. However, it requires careful installation due to the easy propagation of interference on that band.

Comparison between Switch and Router

Switch in electronics, is an electrical component that can break an electrical circuit, interrupting the current or diverting it from one conductor to another. The most familiar form of switch is a manually operated electromechanical device with one or more sets of electrical contacts. Each set of contacts can be in one of two states: either 'closed' meaning the contacts are touching and electricity can flow between them, or 'open', meaning the contacts are separated and nonconducting.

WHILE.......

Router is an electronic device used to connect two or more computers or other electronic devices to each other, and usually to the Internet, by wire or radio signals. This allows several computers to communicate with each other and to the Internet at the same time. If wires are used, each computer is connected by its own wire to the router. Modern wired-only routers designed for the home or small business typically have one "input" port (to the Internet) and four "output" ports, one or more of which can be connected to other computers.

And...

Wireless router is a device that performs the functions of a router but also includes the functions of a wireless access point. It is commonly used to allow access to the Internet or a computer network without the need for a cabled connection. It can function in a wired LAN (local area network), a wireless only LAN, or a mixed wired/wireless network. Most current wireless routers have the following characteristics:

• LAN ports, which function in the same manner as the ports of a network switch
• A WAN port, to connect to a wider area network. The routing functions are filtered using this port. If it is not used, many functions of the router will be bypassed.
• Wireless antennae. These allow connections from other wireless devices (NICs (network interface cards), wireless repeaters, wireless access points, and wireless bridges, for example).

Active Netwok Device/Modular Jack

Modular connector is the name given to a family of electrical connectors examples of which are pictured. These connectors were originally used in telephone wiring. Even though they are still used for that purpose they are used for a variety of other things as well. A modular connector's advantage over many other kinds include small size and ease of plugging and unplugging. However the plastic retaining spring clip tends to get broken off when cables are pulled from storage for use. If that happens, the plug can easily fall out of the wall jack. Many uses that originally used a bulkier connector have migrated to modular connectors. Probably the most well known applications of modular connectors is for telephone jacks and for Ethernet jacks, which are nearly always modular connectors.

Modular connectors were first used in the Registered Jack system, so Registered Jack specifications describe them precisely. Those are the specifications to which all practical modular connectors are built. However, the Registered Jack specifications name the wiring patterns of the jacks, not the physical connectors of either sex. Instead, these are covered by ISO standard 8877, first used in ISDN systems.

Active Netwok Device/Pacth Panel(back)

Patch panel or Patch bay also known as a jack field - is a panel that contains multiple cable connections. The back of the panel has wiring or other connective cabling that runs to disparate equipment. The front of the patch panel allows easy access to connect the different equipment through the use of short patch cables. One common example of this concept was before automatic telephone switching became widespread; early telephone operators would connect callers to their intended parties manually by plugging in a cable on the switchboard.

Network Active Devices/ PATCH PANEL(front)

A patch panel or patch bay is a panel, typically rackmounted, that houses cable connections. One typically shorter patch cable will plug into the front side, whereas the back holds the connection of a much longer and more permanent cable. The assembly of hardware is arranged so that a number of circuits, usually of the same or similar type, appear on jacks for monitoring, interconnecting, and testing circuits in a convenient, flexible manner.

Patch panels offer the convenience of allowing technicians to quickly change the path of select signals, without the expense of dedicated switching equipment. This was first used by early telephone exchanges, where the telephone switchboard (a massive array of patch panels) and a large room full of telephone operators running it was ubiquitous.